The Hoax that had us all

The Piltdown Man.

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A painting from 1915 showing the study of what is now known as a Hoax. Before the truth was revealed, its discovery had changed the way humans had evolved. It had tricked all of the science community for decades including the Archaeology Society who held a lecture in which it was discussed.

Discovered in 1912, it lasted until the 50s as a piece of evidence in the jigsaw of human evolution. A good articel discussing it can be found here.

http://www.nhm.ac.uk/nature-online/science-of-natural-history/the-scientific-process/piltdown-man-hoax/